Pneumothorax

The client/caregiver can define pneumothorax.
1. Two thin layers of tissue (pleura) separate your lungs and chest wall.
2. If air leaks through lung tissue into this space, the lung tissue will start to collapse.
3. Collapse of lung tissue results in pneumothorax. This condition requires immediate medical attention.
4. Reasons for air to collect in the pleura space are
  - Injuries to the chest wall (stab/gunshot wound)
  - Broken rib that punctures the lung
  - Procedure or surgery that involves the chest or lung
  - Spontaneous pneumothorax
The client/caregiver can list signs and symptoms of pneumothorax.
1. Sudden, sharp chest pain on affected side
2. Shortness of breath
3. Chest tightness
4. Rapid respiratory rate and/or abnormal breathing movement
5. Bluish color of skin due to lack of oxygen
The client/caregiver can list complications.
1. Need for chest tube insertion or surgery
2. Recurrent pneumothorax
The client/caregiver can list self-care measures.
1. The recurrence rate of pneumothorax can be as high as 40%.
2. Discontinue smoking, and avoid high altitudes, scuba diving to prevent the recurrence of pneumothorax.

References

Ackley, B. J., & Ladwig, G. B. (2006). Nursing diagnosis handbook: A guide to planning care. Philadelphia: Mosby Inc.

Cohen, B. J., & Taylor, J. J. (2005). Memmler’s the human body in health and disease (10th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

Nursing 2006 drug handbook. (2006). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

Perry, A., & Potter, P. (2006). Clinical nursing skills & technique. St. Louis: Mosby Inc.

Timby, B. K., & Smith, N. C. (2003). Introductory medical-surgical nursing (8th ed.). Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott

Client Teaching Guides for Home Health Care, 2nd ed.